【作者】 張國慶； 王賀祥；

【Author】 ZHANG Guo-qing1,WANG He-xiang2(1.Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture(North) of Ministry of Agriculture,Beijing University of Agriculture,Beijing 102206; 2.State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology,College of Biosciences,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193)

【機(jī)構(gòu)】 北京農(nóng)學(xué)院生物技術(shù)學(xué)院農(nóng)業(yè)部都市農(nóng)業(yè)(北方)重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室； 中國農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)生物學(xué)院農(nóng)業(yè)生物技術(shù)國家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室；

【摘要】 食用菌產(chǎn)業(yè)主要利用農(nóng)林業(yè)生產(chǎn)中的秸稈、枝杈等副產(chǎn)品,生產(chǎn)口味鮮美、營養(yǎng)豐富的食用菌,為農(nóng)民創(chuàng)造了可觀的經(jīng)濟(jì)收入;同時(shí)減少了秸稈的剩余量,降低了焚燒秸稈對環(huán)境的污染;食用菌采收后的菌渣還可生產(chǎn)出大量的有機(jī)肥,有利地促進(jìn)了有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)的發(fā)展。近年來,食用菌產(chǎn)業(yè)在京郊廣泛推廣,在工廠化栽培、農(nóng)民散戶栽培的基礎(chǔ)上,依據(jù)北京地區(qū)氣候特點(diǎn),開展了反季節(jié)栽培、林下仿生栽培等各種新模式。著重介紹了食用菌產(chǎn)業(yè)在生態(tài)循環(huán)農(nóng)業(yè)中的作用,目前京郊食用菌產(chǎn)業(yè)的基本情況,并以通州區(qū)、昌平區(qū)為例,介紹京郊食用菌工廠化栽培、反季節(jié)栽培與林下仿生栽培模式。

【Abstract】 In mushroom industry,agricultural and forestry by-products such as cereal straws and tree branches were used for cultivating delicious and nutritious mushrooms.The industry had economical,environmental,and ecological benefits.Firstly,farmers can earn money through mushroom cultivation.Secondly,cereal straw or tree branches had been used to mushroom planting instead of burning,which was very helpful in environmental protection.Thirdly,mushroom residue was high-quality organic fertilizers and can ...

【關(guān)鍵詞】 食用菌； 京郊； 生態(tài)循環(huán)農(nóng)業(yè)； 工廠化栽培； 反季節(jié)栽培； 仿生栽培；

【Key words】 Mushroom industry； Beijing suburbs； Ecological and circular agriculture； Industrialized cultivation； Off-season cultivation； Bionic cultivation.；

【分類號】S646.9