莊毅; 潘揚(yáng); 謝小梅; 張李陽(yáng)
中國(guó)菌物學(xué)會(huì)、南京中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)藥用真菌研究中心; 江西中醫(yī)學(xué)院菌物藥研究中心; 南京曉莊學(xué)院藥用菌物研究所 南京210029; 江西中醫(yī)學(xué)院菌物藥研究中心; 南昌330029; 南京曉莊學(xué)院藥用菌物研究所; 南京210017; 南昌330029; 南京210017
【中文摘要】 筆者上世紀(jì)80年代末提出用藥用真菌發(fā)酵藥材的設(shè)想,實(shí)驗(yàn)證實(shí)在農(nóng)副產(chǎn)品構(gòu)成的營(yíng)養(yǎng)基質(zhì)內(nèi)摻入適量經(jīng)特選的含有活性成分的中藥材作為藥性基質(zhì),致使發(fā)酵具有雙向性,其產(chǎn)物由藥用菌質(zhì)(如槐耳菌質(zhì))轉(zhuǎn)為藥性菌質(zhì)(如槐芪菌質(zhì)○F),可以顯著增強(qiáng)其免疫活性,提高藥效與療效,這是現(xiàn)代“雙向發(fā)酵”工程的起源,此后因理論與技術(shù)發(fā)展,使它被認(rèn)為是生物技術(shù)的新起點(diǎn),中藥新藥研制的新途徑,各種菌質(zhì)必將成為中藥內(nèi)菌物藥的重要組成。較深入和更擴(kuò)大的研究認(rèn)為,它有增效、擴(kuò)用、解毒持效等作用可發(fā)展為用中藥二次開(kāi)發(fā)和獸藥領(lǐng)域。與其它有關(guān)生物技術(shù)比較,在現(xiàn)階段有一定的優(yōu)勢(shì)與潛力。“雙向發(fā)酵”研發(fā)道路寬廣,前景良好,也還存在需要研究解決的問(wèn)題,如怎樣以中醫(yī)藥理論指導(dǎo)構(gòu)成發(fā)酵組合和對(duì)各種菌質(zhì)的科學(xué)定性等,尤其需要從基質(zhì)發(fā)酵為菌質(zhì)的大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)的機(jī)械化、自動(dòng)化設(shè)備。
【英文摘要】 In late of 1980’s, to develop the effect of anti-hepatitis of Huaier Granule, a new drug for anti-liver cancer, according to the principle that medicinal herbs can go moldy when contaminated with the miscellaneous airborne microorganisms, a new idea was put forward to use medicinal fungi to ferment medicinal herbs.It was proved that the solid fermentation has two purposes, when used a nutrient substance containing medicinal herbs with multiple active compositions rather than the one consists of only farming byproducts.The products formed by this fermentation were fungous substance containing herbs (Huaiqi fungous substance○F) which was produced by a medicinal fungous substance(e.g.Huaier fungous substance).Huaiqi fungous substance○Fwas approved to be able to strengthen the immunological effects.This is the origin of modern bi-directional solid fermentation engineering.Along with the theoretical and technical development of the engineering, it was considered as the new turning point of ...更多modern biological technology and the new channel of the new drug R & D of traditional Chinese medicine. After a series of studies, it was believed that the engineering compared with other relevant biological technology, has certain advantage and potential in present time. Medicinal fungous substances and fungous substances containing herbs are the modern products of the traditional Chinese herbs, and still belong to traditional Chinese herbs(e.g.Shenqu). There are many medicinal fungi with different enzyme systems and many ground substances containing herbs with different functions can be used for fermentation.The combinations of the fungi and the ground substances with different properties are numerous.Different kinds of fungous substances of the fermentation have different natures and effects, so the study has a far-reaching influence. The bi-directional fermentation can be applied widely, for instance, strengthening and maintaining the drug’s effects, widening the range of taking medication, detoxification of poisonous herbs, twice development of herbal wastes, application of veterinary treatment and so on. Problems such as applications of the TCM theory to guide the composition of bi-directional fermentation, scientific definition of the fungous substances and designs of automatic equipments for large-scale production of fungous substances still need to be solved. 還原
【中文關(guān)鍵詞】 雙向發(fā)酵; 營(yíng)養(yǎng)基質(zhì)/藥性基質(zhì)/全性基質(zhì); 藥用菌質(zhì)/藥性菌質(zhì); 無(wú)渣型/去渣型; 增效/持效/擴(kuò)用/解毒; 二次開(kāi)發(fā)
【英文關(guān)鍵詞】 Bi-directional fermentation; A nutrient ground substance; a medicinal ground substance; a medicinal and nutrient ground substances; A medicinal fungous substance; a fungous substance containing herbs; Discarding waste-type; no waste-type; Strengthening and maintaining the drug’s effects; widening the range of taking medication; detoxification of poisonous herbs; twice development of Chinese herbs
【文獻(xiàn)出處】 中國(guó)食用菌,Edible Fungi of China,編輯部郵箱,2007年02期 【DOI】CNKI:SUN:ZSYJ.0.2007-02-002