姚占芳; 吳云漢; 馬向東
河南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)植保系; 河南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)植保系; 河南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)植保系 鄭州450002; 鄭州450002; 鄭州450002

【中文摘要】 本文報(bào)道了木屑堆積發(fā)酵料的制備工藝,堆料的物理化學(xué)變化和微生物群體特點(diǎn),并對(duì)發(fā)酵料進(jìn)行了香菇開放式栽培。木屑發(fā)酵料在中溫和高溫條件下都以細(xì)菌數(shù)量最多,放線菌次之,真菌最少。在中溫條件下分離出的細(xì)茵以無芽抱桿菌、芽孢桿菌為主,放線菌以鏈霉菌為主,真茵主要是青霉屬、毛霉屬、木霉屬。在高溫條件下(50～60℃)細(xì)菌總數(shù)變化不大,主要是嗜熱芽孢桿菌,放線菌仍屬鏈霉菌屬,數(shù)量由105增至108,真菌數(shù)量驟減,只有少數(shù)微紫青霉和煙曲霉,常污染食用菌培養(yǎng)料的霉菌多數(shù)被高溫殺死。文中還提出水分、溫度、酸堿度等的變化指標(biāo)。

【英文摘要】 The paper reported the making technology of the fermented material of saw bust and it's changing characteristics of physics,chemistry,microbibl community,and the non-steritized cultivating of shiitake mushroom with it. Under the medium and high temperature in fermenting,The maximum of bacterium per gram of dry saw bust was 106～109,followed by actinomycetes105～109/g drier.The mini- mum was fungus.Under the medium temperature,the major of bacterium was Bacterium and Bacillus,and the major of actinomycetes was streptomyces,and the major of fungus was penicillum.Mueor.Trichoderma.under the high temperature of 50～60℃,the total number of bacterium made a little change,the major of it was bacillus thermophile, and the number of actinomycetes increased from 105 to 108/g drier,the major of it was still strepotomyces,and the number of fungus reduced in a largescale,there was only Adspergillus fumigatus and Penicillum janthinellum left,the major of the harmfulfungi found in substrates were ...更多killed. With turning over the stack,the curve of temperature was in the shape of a saddle in the process of fermenting,the paper also presented the changing standard of water content, temperature,pH and so on.  還原

【中文關(guān)鍵詞】 木屑; 發(fā)酵; 微生物; 香菇
【英文關(guān)鍵詞】 saw dust fermentation microorganism shiitake mushroom

【文獻(xiàn)出處】 中國食用菌,Edible Fungi of China,編輯部郵箱,1993年01期 【DOI】CNKI:SUN:ZSYJ.0.1993-01-012