據(jù)報(bào)道,吉林農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)菌物學(xué)院、農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部北方食用菌資源利用重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室圖力古爾課題組在暗色孢子傘蘑菇目菌糞傘科小鱗傘屬(廣義)的分類上取得新進(jìn)展。吉林農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)菌物學(xué)科2021級(jí)博士研究生宋寒冰以第一作者身份(吉林農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)為唯一署名單位),由導(dǎo)師圖力古爾教授指導(dǎo)作為通訊作者,在國(guó)際頂尖期刊Mycosphere(Q1,IF=10)發(fā)表研究論文,基于中國(guó)的材料和國(guó)外可信的序列及模式物種信息解決了小鱗傘屬(廣義)Pholiotina s.l.多系來源的分類學(xué)難題。題目為“Resolving the polyphyletic origins of Pholiotina s.l. (Bolbitiaceae, Agaricales) based on Chinese materials and reliable foreign sequences”,由國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金(32270001)資助。
該研究利用中國(guó)材料和可靠的基因序列來擬合形態(tài)學(xué)和系統(tǒng)發(fā)育,重建了小鱗傘屬(廣義)Pholiotina sensu lato的系統(tǒng)發(fā)育關(guān)系,采用核糖體DNA內(nèi)轉(zhuǎn)錄間隔區(qū)(nrITS)、核糖體DNA 28S(nrLSU)和轉(zhuǎn)錄延伸因子(tef1-α)的合并數(shù)據(jù)集進(jìn)行了最大似然和貝葉斯分析。研究結(jié)果顯示,小鱗傘屬(廣義)Pholiotina sensu lato包括3個(gè)分支:Pholiotina Clade 1、Pholiotina Clade 2和Pholiotina Clade 3。該課題組在Pholiotina Clade 1中建立了一個(gè)新屬——小錐蓋傘屬Conocybula Bau T. & Song H.B,與尼日利亞小帽傘Galerella nigeriensis為姊妹類群?,F(xiàn)階段小錐蓋傘屬Conocybula包括藍(lán)色組sect. Cyanopodae和小錐蓋傘組sect. Conocybula兩個(gè)組。將Pholiotina Clade 2另立為一個(gè)新屬——錐糞傘屬Conobolbitina Bau T. & Song H.B,包括錐糞傘組sect. Conobolbitina(= sect. Piliferae)、銅綠蓋組sect. Aeruginosa和疣孢組sect. Verrucisporae三個(gè)組。并對(duì)小鱗傘屬Pholiotina的界限和定義進(jìn)行修訂,將具有菌幕的單系群Pholiotina Clade 3作為真正的小鱗傘屬Pholiotina。小鱗傘屬Pholiotina現(xiàn)只包括小鱗傘組sect. Pholiotina、被外菌幕組sect. Vestitae和過渡組sect. Intermediae。該研究發(fā)現(xiàn)并報(bào)道了30個(gè)新的分類群,包括2個(gè)新屬、17個(gè)新種、11個(gè)新組合和2個(gè)中國(guó)新記錄,并編制了中國(guó)糞傘科Bolbitiaceae中各屬、各組和各物種的檢索表。提供了17個(gè)新物種和2個(gè)新記錄種的描述和線條圖。解決小鱗傘屬(廣義)Pholiotina sensu lato內(nèi)各屬、各組和物種的劃分難題,從中還發(fā)現(xiàn)和探討了糞傘科Bolbitiaceae中各屬和屬下等級(jí)之間可能的系統(tǒng)發(fā)育關(guān)系和演化趨勢(shì)。
Figure 1 – The phylogenetic relationships of Pholiotina s.l. in Bolbitiaceae using Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood methods based on a multi-locus dataset (nrITS, nrLSU, and tef1-α).
Figure 2 – Pholiotina s.l. was fitted with a morphology using a Bayesian phylogenetic tree based on a multi-locus dataset (nrITS, nrLSU, tef1-α), and PP values are labeled on the nodes.
Figure 3 – Basidiomata of Con. sect. Verrucisporae species. A Con. dasypus (HMJAU65008).
Figure 4 – Basidiospores under electron microscopy of Con. sect. Verrucisporae species.
Figure 5 – 科爾沁小鱗傘Pholiotina horchinensis (HMJAU65097). A Basidiomata. B Basidiospores in KOH. C Hymenium and subhymenium. D Cheilocystidia. E Stipitipells. F Pileipellis. Scale bars: A = 1 cm, B–F = 10 μm.